DC Circuits: Conductor, Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor – Ohm’s Law - Kirchhoff’s Laws – Series and Parallel circuits, Simple Problems with Independent sources only (Steady state) AC Circuits and Parameters: Sinusoidal waveform with graphical representation, Average value, RMS Value, Instantaneous power, real power, reactive power and apparent power, power factor (Simple Problems only)

Construction, Principle of operation, Basic equations and applications of DC Generator, DC Motor-Elementary treatment of Single phase Transformer, Single and three phase Induction Motors.

Wiring: General Rules, materials and accessories, Types of wiring - Conduit wiring –Wiring layout of Residential building and Industrial building (Design Thinking). Load calculations. Grounding: Importance of grounding, Types of grounding - Safety: Causes of accidents, Accident prevention.

Basic concepts, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, Construction, working principle and VI characteristics of Diode, Zener diode, working principle of LED, photo diode, solar cell. Applications: Half wave and full wave rectifiers, Voltage regulators - Power supplies, UPS, SMPS (Block diagram approach).

Generalized performance parameters of instruments: error, accuracy, sensitivity, precision and resolution - Principle and block diagram of analog and digital multimeter, Digital Voltmeter, Ammeter - Block diagram of CRO, Measurements using CRO, Lissajous patterns, function generator, Data acquisition.