Introduction: Scope of Civil Engineering – Building materials: Brick, stone, cement, concrete, properties and uses. Surveying: Objects – Types – Classification – Principles – Measurement of distances and angles – Concepts of levelling – Determination of areas – Illustrative examples

Sub-Structure: Types of foundation – Bearing capacity – Requirements of good foundations. Superstructure: Types of structure – Types of masonry – Beams – Columns – Lintels – Roofing – Flooring – Plastering

Basics of Foundry – Welding and its types – 3D Printing – Lathe and its types – Mechanical & Automation – Interdisciplinary concepts in Mechanical Engineering

Internal combustion engines as automobile power plants – Working principle of petrol and diesel engines – Four stroke and two stroke cycles. Power Plants: Introduction – Classification – Working principles of Steam, Gas, Diesel, Hydro-electric, Nuclear and Solar power plants – Merits and demerits

Terminology of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning – Principle of vapor compression and absorption system – Layout of typical domestic refrigerator – Window and Split type room Air conditioner – Properties of air–water mixture – Concepts of psychrometry and its processes.