Need of Organic Farming- Benefits of Organic Farming- Social aspects of Organic Farming- Market aspects of Organic Farming- certification process-steps of certification process- Government subsidies.

Need of Organic Fertilizer- Benefits of Organic Fertilizer- Preparation of Organic Fertilizer-& land preparation. Plant Nutrients-Name of plant Nutrients- Functions of Nutrients in plant growth and Development-Nutrient uptake and Utilization by plant- (From Organics) From Inorganic. Sources of nutrients for Organic Agriculture. Organic Manure – FYM/Rural compost, City compost, Oil cakes, Animal wastes, Vermi composts, etc- Characterization and Nutrients content of the above sources (Data Chart). Green Manure – Green Manure with Leguminous crops in crop rotation. In-situ incorporation of crop residues –benefits- liquid manure

Soil: Definition- Acidic, Alkaline and Saline soils- How they affect Agriculture-Method of reclamation. Soil productivity-Meaning & Concept. Difference between Soil Fertility and Productivity- Methods of Increasing productivity and fertility. Water Sampling and Quality Control-WHO Guidelines for Physical Parameters-Potential Health Effects-Test Methods-Testing for Chemical Contaminants

Introduction-Need of Microorganism-Benefits of Microorganism-Management of Microorganism. Inter cropping and crop rotation-Importance, benefits and products-Vegetable, Fruits, Flowering plants. Integrated pest & disease managements. Organic pesticides, bio-pesticides. Inorganic pesticides, disadvantages of their use. Seed, seedling and soil Treatment measures-Feasibility of complete dependence on organic sources

Nitrogenous-phosphatic- potassic-availability of nutrients from above sources-other Nitrogen contributing plants. Preparation of vermin compost- pit construction-raw materials-availability of specific species of earth worm-method of preparation-quality improvement of finished vermin compost.