Fundamentals of Magnetic circuits- Statically and dynamically induced EMF - Principle of electromechanical energy conversion forces and torque in magnetic field systems- energy balance in magnetic circuits- magnetic force- co-energy in singly excited and multi excited magnetic field system

Construction and principle of operation – EMF equation –Types – Methods of excitation – No load and load characteristics of DC generators – Armature reaction and commutation. Principle of operation of DC motor, Significance of back EMF – Torque equation– Characteristics of DC motors

Necessity of Starter - Starting methods – Speed control Methods Testing of DC machines- Brake test, Swinburne’s test – Losses and efficiency –Applications of DC Machines

Construction and principle of operation of single phase transformer – types – EMF equation – Transformer on no load and load – Phasor diagrams – Equivalent circuit -Auto transformer Construction and principle of operation of three phase transformer-three phase transformers connections

Polarity test – Open circuit and Short circuit tests-Voltage regulation-Losses and efficiency – all day efficiency. Applications: Instrument, Isolation, Distribution and Power Transformers