Introduction, Classification, and the importance of engineering properties in the design of agricultural machinery. Physical Properties: shape, size, roundness, sphericity, volume, density, porosity, specific gravity, the surface area of grains, fruits, and vegetables.

Static friction, Kinetic friction, rolling resistance, angle of internal friction, angle of repose, Rolling resistance coefficient of friction, Flow of bulk granular materials, coefficient of friction between granular material.

Thermal properties; co-efficient of thermal expansion, friction in agricultural materials; static friction, kinetic friction, rolling resistance, angle of internal friction, angle of repose, flow of bulk granular materials, Aero dynamics of agricultural products, drag coefficients, terminal velocity.

Conductivity and dielectric constant, method of determination. dielectric loss factor, loss tangent, A.C, electric conductance, electric resistance, resistivity, impedance, admittance, permittivity, relative permittivity. Application of engineering properties in handling processing machines and storage structures.

Rheological properties: force, deformation, stress, strain, elastic, plastic and viscous behavior, Newtonian and Non-Newtonian liquid, Visco-elasticity, Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluid, Pseudoplastic, Dilatant, Thixotropic, Rheopectic and Bingham Plastic Foods, Flow curves. Electrical properties: dielectric loss factor, loss tangent, A.C. conductivity and dielectric constant, method of determination.