Post harvest engineering - introduction - objectives - post harvest losses of cereals, pulses and oilseeds - importance - optimum stage of harvest. Threshing - traditional methods mechanical threshers - types- principles and operation-moisture content - measurement - direct and indirect methods - moisture meters - equilibrium moisture content. Engineering properties of agricultural produce. Lab Experiments: ➢ Determination of moisture content by direct and indirect methods ➢ Determination of true density, bulk density, porosity of grains

Principles, air screen cleaners: types, adjustments. Cylinder separator, spiral separator, magnetic separator, colour sorter, inclined belt separator, length separators, effectiveness of separation and performance index. Different types of graders for cereals, pulses and oil seed crops. Drying: principles and theory of drying, thin layer and deep bed drying, hot air drying, methods of producing hot air, types of grain dryers, selection, construction, operation and maintenance of dryers, design of dryers Lab Experiments: ➢ Experiment on drying characteristics of grains ➢ Performance evaluation of separators (Spiral and Specific Gravity) ➢ Performance evaluation of fluidized bed dryer

Material handling: belt conveyor, screw conveyor, chain conveyor, bucket elevators, pneumatic conveying. Direct and indirect types of damages, sources of infestation, traditional and modern types of storage structures: vertical, horizontal and underground storages, storage structure Designs Lab Experiments: ➢ Determination of shelling efficiency of groundnut decorticator ➢ Determination of the efficiency of bucket elevator and screw conveyor

Paddy processing: parboiling of paddy, methods, merits and demerits, dehusking of paddy: methods, merits and demerits; rice polishers: types, constructional details, polishing, layout of modern rice mill, performance evaluation of modern mills. Wheat milling, pulse milling methods. Oil seed processing, Sugarcane crushing, extraction recovery and processing of jaggery. Principles and operation: maize sheller, husker sheller for maize, groundnut decorticator, castor sheller. Lab Experiments: ➢ Performance evaluation of paddy parboiling drum ➢ Performance evaluation of a grain cleaning cum grading machine

Physical and thermal properties of fruits and vegetables, maturity indices for fruits, cleaning and grading of fruits and vegetables. Electronic colour sorting of fruits and vegetables. Unit operationoffruitprocessing:blanchingoffruitsandvegetables, thermalprocessingoffruitpulps. Controlled and Modified atmospheric storage and shrink film storage of fruits and vegetables Lab Experiments: ➢ Evaluation of shelling efficiency of rubber roll sheller ➢ Performance evaluation of seed separators (inclined belt and winnower) ➢ Visit to modern rice mill