Introduction to refrigeration, unit of refrigeration capacity, Review of Second law of thermodynamics and interpretation. Production of low temperatures - principles and process. Refrigerants - classification and thermodynamic properties. Ozone depletion potential. Reversed Carnot cycle. Limitations of reversed Carnot systems
Refrigeration cycle – simple vapour compression, vapour absorption cycle, p-h and T-s diagrams, COP. Energy ratios and Power consumption of a refrigerating machine. Standard rating cycle and effect of operating conditions. Air refrigeration system – reversed Brayton cycle.
Evaporator- dry and flooded type, liquid cooling evaporator. Condenser- water cooled, air cooled and evaporative condenser. Compressor - Reciprocating type compressors. Expansion valve - thermostatic expansion valve
Pre-cooling systems, Cold storage- construction, insulation and operation. Design of cold storage unit. Calculation of refrigeration load in cold store. Prefabricated systems, walk-in-coolers. Frozen storage, Cryogenics – Linde and Claude system for liquefaction of air.
Introduction, Components of cold chain. Refrigerated distribution and transport systems, Cold chain in retail, Traceability- Application of RFID in cold chain. Role of refrigeration in food production - candy manufacture, beverage processing, bakery products, meat products, poultry products, fishery products, fruit /vegetables and dairy products
Reference Book:
Arora, C.P., ―Refrigeration and Air Conditioning‖, 2ndEdition, Tata McGraw- HillPublishing Company Ltd., Delhi, 2008. Khurmi, R.S. and Gupta J.K., ―Textbook of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning‖, 5th Edition, S. Chand Publishers, New Delhi, 2006. Narayanan, K.V., ―A Textbook of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics‖, 2ndEdition, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2013.
Text Book:
Rajput R.K., ―Refrigeration And Air-conditioning‖, 3rd Edition, S.K. Kataria and Sons (Publishers), Delhi, 2012. Dellino C.V.J., ―Cold and Chilled Storage Technology‖, 2ndEdition, Springer, US, 2011.
